Shu Sun,Ted Rappaport,Mansoor Shafi,Pan Tang, ZHANG Jianhua, Peter J. Smith
IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology ( Volume: 67 , Issue: 9
)
DOI:10.1109/TVT.2018.2848208
Publish Year: 2018, English

Abstract: Fifth-generation (5G) wireless networks are expected to operate at both microwave and millimeter wave (mmWave) frequency bands, including frequencies in the range of 24 to 86 GHz. Radio propagation models are used to help engineers design, deploy, and compare candidate wireless technologies, and have a profound impact on the decisions of almost every aspect of wireless communications. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the channel models that will likely be used in the design of 5G radio systems. We start with a discussion on the framework of channel models, which consists of classical models of path loss versus distance, large-scale and small-scale fading models, and multiple-input multiple-output channel models. Then, key differences between mmWave and microwave channel models are presented, and two popular mmWave channel models are discussed: the 3rd Generation Partnership Project model, which is adopted by the International Telecommunication Union, and the NYUSIM model, which was developed from several years of field measurements in New York City. Examples on how to apply the channel models are then given for several diverse applications demonstrating the wide impact of the models and their parameter values. These results show that the answers to channel performance metrics such as spectrum efficiency, coverage, hardware/signal processing requirements, etc., are extremely sensitive to the choice of channel models.